The Effects Of Stress On The Body - 798 Words

Stress Stress has no defined definition and cannot be measured. It varies across each individual. It can be either good stress or bad stress depending on the nature, extent and outcome. It can be a good stress if it is temporary, positive, motivational and helpful for an individual to accomplish more and can be a bad stress if it leads to mood swings and affects body systems. Stress is mostly commonly known as physical, emotional and mental disturbance of a human body. Things that are stressful for one person cannot necessarily be stressful for others. Workplace stress is common in adults but children, teenagers; elderly people can also undergo stress for various reasons that can include increase violence, peer pressure, substance abuse, social isolation, loneliness, loss of support etc. These are powerful stress busters. Contemporary Stress This kind of stress can cause more psychological problems than physical threats. Blood sugar level increases, blood clots can occur, rapid increase of heart rate and blood pressure. Our body undergoes changes to fight or flight the stress but when this is repeatedly invoked it may lead to heart attack, stroke and other deadly conditions. Effects of Stress Stress can lead to emotional and physical disorders including anxiety, depression, stroke, heart problems, gastrointestinal disorders, mood swings, skin diseases and various other diseases. The American institute of stress has a list that shows 50 common signs and symptoms of stress.Show MoreRelatedStress And Its Effect On The Body1322 Words   |  6 PagesStress and its Role in the Body People have very different ideas with respect to their definition of stress. Probably the most common is, â€Å"physical, mental, or emotional strain or tension†. Another popular definition of stress is, â€Å"a condition or feeling experienced when a person perceives that demands exceed the personal and social resources the individual is able to mobilize.† (stress.org). Most use stress as a negative condition that causes people to breakdown and become frustrated. This isRead MoreEffects Of Stress On The Body992 Words   |  4 Pagesgiven load of stress on the body. Stress is both a versatile agent that disrupts the human body’s normal mental, physical, and emotional state, and the body’s natural reaction to change (Staal, 2004). The effects of this amorphous phenomenon have been studied from a number of angles including but not limited to stress-related sleep pattern disturbances, mood swings, attention spans, weight gain, long-term illnesses, and cogn itive function. This review will focus on the effects of psychologicalRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On The Body3325 Words   |  14 PagesMerely Managing Our Stress Enough? This report addresses the topic of stress and how we manage it in our daily lives. We are hoping others will be influenced to consider looking at stress a new way. This report has enabled us to gain further knowledge and a fresh perspective on stress. Many different aspects regarding stress, its effects on the body, how to manage it, and new ways to think of stress are included. There are many different variables to consider regarding stress. Our research has allowedRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On The Human Body968 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom another, from the fingerprints to the eye and hair color, every human being experiences stress at some point within their life, but what exactly is stress? Stress is â€Å"a state of mental tension and worry caused by problems in life, work, etc.; something that causes strong feelings of worry or anxiety† (Definition of Stress). Angela Farrehi also says this about what stress is and some of its causes, â€Å"Stress has been conceptualized in a number of ways. Specifically, it can be conceptualized as anRead MoreEffect Of Stress On The Human Body1577 Words   |  7 PagesStress can be defined as a state in which the normal dynamic equilibrium of the complex attributes that maintain life are challenged, threatened or an individual feels that such equilibrium is threatened. The aspects that threaten this equilibrium within ones brain are called stressors and individuals struggle to restore the normal state by coming up with physiological and behavioral responses to that effect (Thoma, La Marca, Brà ¶nnimann, Finkel, Ehlert, Nater, 2013). Within the human body, thereRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On Our Body1120 Words   |  5 PagesStress is unique to each of us. Yet the stress experience is one we can all relate to and which has shared qualities. Stress is the tension that we feel within us whenever we feel threatened. When we see something outside of us that is threatening, we tense up in reaction. Imagine yourself as a spring. When everything is going well and you feel safe and secure, your spring is relaxed. But if something unexpected happens that weren t counting on, you react by tensing up your spring. This createsRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On Our Body2485 Words   |  10 PagesINTRODUCTION Stress is a feeling of Emotional or mental strain / tension pressure that may be caused by problems that one is facing or expectation of a situation. This may be manifested by a reaction in a fight, anger, easy irritability etc. Stress is part of life. With Many events that are happening within and around us , they are causes of stress on our body. Stresses are triggered by environment, our bodies and our thoughts. THE NEED TO MANAGE STRESS The human bodies reacts to stress, they canRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On The Human Body860 Words   |  4 PagesStress may affect many adults on a daily basis, but to effectively reduce stress, one must understand the contributing factors and proper reduction techniques. After taking a stress self-assessment on Mindtools.com, I answered multiple questions related to my life. The results yielded a particularly high score of 316. According to the Holmes and Rahe stress scale (1967), This score puts me in a category where a high probability of my health becoming affected in the future exists. I was caught offRead MoreThe Effects Stress Has On The Human Body937 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿The Effects Stress Has on the Human Body: Mentally, Physically, Emotionally, Behaviorally Stress is very well known for just what it means: STRESS. Its effect on human beings from a local and a global standpoint is far greater than any of us imagine. Stress can overtake one’s body physically, mentally, emotionally, as well as behavioral aspects. This is not something to take lightly. This is actually very serious. If you notice, it’s not just older people that die this day and time with heartRead MoreThe Effects Of Stress On Our Body1769 Words   |  8 Pagesfrustrations. In context of psychology, we describe stress as a feeling of pressure, strain or as a feeling of being overloaded (Bickford, 2005). The sign of it may include feelings of anxiety, tense, worried, insecurity, nervousness, social withdrawal, depression, overwhelmed and various sign. When we are face a stressful condition our bodies respond to it by activating our hormones like adrenaline rush which causes physical changes in our body to help deal with the stressful situation. Bare in mind

Biography of Edgar Allan Poe - 951 Words

â€Å"There are two bodies — the rudimental and the complete; corresponding with the two conditions of the worm and the butterfly. What we call death, is but the painful metamorphosis.† Edgar Allan Poe was a poet who grew up with theater in his blood and who became known for his style of literature. First I will inform you of his birth along with his parents, then I will tell you about his childhood and education, after that I will follow up on his mysterious death. Edgar Allen Poe was born on January 19, 1809 in a cheap rooming house near the Boston Common. Meltzer, the author of one of Poe’s Biography, states that â€Å"Eliza [his mother] married a young Baltimore law student, David Poe Jr.† Both of his parents were actors, his mother doing†¦show more content†¦Point abruptly, he then later wrote, and threw myself upon literature as a resource. I became first known to the literary world thus. After leaving W. Point, Poe wrote and published several short stories anonymously, along with books full of poems Since we have talked about his childhood along with his adulthood, let’s move onto to his later years and his death Edgar Allan Poe passed away on October 7, 1849 at the age of 40 in Baltimore, Maryland. Walsh, the author of The Mysterious Death Of Edgar Allan Poe, said that â€Å"The Immediate Cause of death given was â€Å"congestion of the brain,† or â€Å"inflammation of the brain,† catch-all medical phrases of the day.† In his own time and even decades later, no one really questioned the verdict that the culprit was liquor. No one seriously questioned that Poe died as a result of complications arising from a drunken debauch (de batch). Drunkenness explained all, it was decided; otherwise, if Poe had been found in extreme distress in a public place, that standard procedure would have been followed, and much more would now be known. What was assumed was some sort of physiological or orthostatic collapse. Science in that day was unable to define it further. There is a lot of theories on how he died: A fatal heart condition of long standing was postulated, as was epilepsy, as well as a diabetic coma complicated by liver damage, hypoglycemia, andShow MoreRelatedThe Biography Of Edgar Allan Poe841 Words   |  4 Pages2017 The Biography of Edgar Allan Poe â€Å"Lord, help my poor soul†, the last and final words of the amazing writer, Edgar Allan Poe, before his sudden death in 1849. Edgar Allan Poe wrote dark and treacherous stories and poems that often lead to the questioning of his mental state. Poe lived a rather difficult life in which writing was his escape. He at one time was in so much debt that he could have never payed it back even if his career took off. No one ever knew what had happened to Poe, only thatRead MoreEssay Biography of Edgar Allan Poe2810 Words   |  12 PagesBiography of Edgar Allan Poe Many authors literary works are often influenced by their own personal life experiences. Among these authors is Edgar Allan Poe, one of the most inventive writers of prose and poetry in the nineteenth century. The juxtaposition of Poes life and work is most evident in the morbid personalities and melancholy themes of his literary compositions, similar to those of his life. Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston, Massachusetts on January 19, 1809. His motherRead MoreEssay Biography of Edgar Allan Poe3244 Words   |  13 PagesBiography of Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe is a man who is considered to be a true American genius of our time, and by many, the personification of death. His works have been collected and celebrated for over a hundred years from this day. He was a man who’s dreary horror tales captured and frightened the minds of millions. Poe differed from most other acclaimed writers though. The readers of his work do not admire him because they fall in love with his characters or because his writing touchesRead More Biography of Edgar Allan Poe Essay11890 Words   |  48 PagesBiography of Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe was born at 33 Hollis Street, Boston, Mass., on January 19, 1809, the son of poverty stricken actors, David, and Elizabeth (born Arnold) Poe. His parents were then filling an engagement in a Boston theatre, and the appearances of both, together with their sojourns in various places during their wandering careers, are to be plainly traced in the play bills of the time. Paternal Ancestry The father ofRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe Biography. By. Alyssa Marshall.1260 Words   |  6 Pages Edgar Allan Poe Biography By Alyssa Marshall Mrs. Guinn English III March 6, 2017 Abstract Edgar Allan Poe was a writer in the â€Å"Gothic Era†, many of his stories genres are horror like â€Å" The Masque of The Red Death†, mystery such as â€Å" The Fall of The House of Usher†, lost love as in â€Å" The Raven†, and obsession such as â€Å" The Pit and The Pendulum†. Edgar’s poemsRead MoreBiography of Edgar Allan Poe1105 Words   |  5 PagesThe life of Edgar Allan Poe is not a tale of ease. Poe’s life was full of personal and fiscal disaster. These disasters help to mold some of the most ominous and intellectually challenging poetry ever written. For the short duration of Poe’s life, he was seen as a literary critic rather than an author. To the modern generation his unbeknown status seems bafflingly inconceivable, considering his now acclaimed publications. Edgar Allan Poe’s writing was very much dictated by his life. The mournfulRead MoreA Brief Biography of Edgar Allan Poe Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pag esKnown for his disturbing and sinister work, Edgar Allan Poe’s writing has captured the attention of readers for almost two centuries. His works and reputation were largely influenced by his childhood, education, adulthood, and struggles with his career, along with his legacy before and after his death. Edgar Allan Poe was born on January 19, 1809, in Boston, Massachusetts, as being David and Elizabeth Poe’s second child of three. David and Elizabeth were professional theatrical actors in a companyRead MoreA Brief Biography of Edgar Allan Poe Essay1001 Words   |  5 Pages Thesis Edgar Allan Poe was a fictional writer that astonished readers with his many mysterious poems and his tales of horror such as â€Å"The Raven†, â€Å"Annabelle Lee†, and â€Å"The Fall of the house of Usher†. Biography Edgar Allan Poe was born on January 19, 1809 in Boston Massachusetts. (A-1) His parents were English born actors Elizabeth Arnold Poe and David Poe Jr. (A-2) After his parents died he wasRead MoreBiography And Historical Context Of Edgar Allan Poe2348 Words   |  10 PagesBiography and Historical Context Edgar Allan Poe was born on January 19, 1809 in Boston Massachusetts. Edgar Allan Poe had a vast imagination that made him famous. His style of poetry was mysterious similar to his life. Poe’s actual parents were actors but he didn’t really know them. His father disappeared from the family when Poe was young and his mother died when Poe was only 3 years old. Poe was taken from his siblings and put into the arms of his foster parents John and Frances Allan in RichmondRead MoreA Brief Biography on Edgar Allan Poe Essay882 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allan Poe was born in Massachusetts, U.S. on January 19, 1809. Poe`s parents were Elizabeth Arnold Poe and David Poe Jr. Poe was named after a character in William`s Shakespeare King Lear. Poe was baptized at Episcopal Church in 1812.His mom was an actress and his dad was an actor. Poe`s dad abandoned the family in 1810. Poe had 2 siblings. His brother was named William Henry Leonard he was a writer, sailor, and poet. He was b orn in Boston on Jan 30, 1807. Poe`s brother died August 1, 1831

Study of PLC controller- Free sample

Question: Task 1Evaluate the different forms of signal used in programmable logic control. Your evaluation will need to include: Analogue Digital (include Discrete) Task 2 Describe the resolution and relationship between analogue inputs and outputs and word length. Your description will need to include: 10-bit 12-bit Task 3 Create a table to describe and compare the typical protocols used in signal communication. Task 4 Evaluate networking methods and networking standards. Your evaluation will need to include: Master to Slave control Peer to Peer networks 7 layer ISO model IEEE 802 MAP Manufacturing Automation Protocol Answer: Evaluate the different forms of signal used in programmable logic control. Your evaluation will need to include: Analogue Analogue signals are continuously varying signals, between the two predefined limits, positive peak and negative peak. These signals usually have multitude of values that limit in between the temperature and pressure level, etc. The Analogue signals are able to detect the signals at various levels. Let us consider a micro-oven, which works heating the food at various temperatures run for various timeframes. The temperature needed is set by the user and for example, the maximum temperature that can be set is 200 degree centigrade, then the scale of analogue unit is to be divided into 200 units. The user set temperature is set through the PLC to produce the corresponding temperature. The temperature is set with 8 bits, which can produce 256 combinations and the maximum input and output required here is 0 to 200 and so, 8 bits are changed continuously to produce the required output needed for the circuit and the output is given to the actual processing unit or microcontroller. So, analo gue signals can be used to provide input to the PLC in the form of continuous signals for pressure, position, level, temperature, etc. These bits are stored in the memory of the PLC and can be given to motor to manipulate the speeds, valves and other devices. Digital, including Discrete Digital signals means, signal on or signal off, or simply 1 or 0, two possible states. With the digital signals, in simple terms, a switch can be on the motor runs and when switched off, motor stops. One discrete digital signal is considered as a bit. The bits can be turned on or off to generate the pulses. When the bit is given to a counter, the number of times the bit is turned on and off is counted by the PLC. For example, if one revolution of the wheel of the motor moves the vehicle or crane to one foot and if the crane has to move further ten feet, then the count in PLC must be ten. The bits are also given to the timer. If eight bits are given to the temperature unit, it is going to give 256 combinations from 0 to 255, where 0 to 200 combinations would be enough for setting the temperature required for the micro-oven. . These signals are used for operating motors and opening and closing of the valves, etc. Describe the resolution and relationship between analogue inputs and outputs and word length. Your description will need to include: The word length is the size of the word, which is represented as number of bits that are considered as a single set, given at one instant of input. Input output units stand as an interface between the external world and PLC controller. Analog input can be given and analog output is obtained, to and from the PLCs. When the PLC controller is given analog input, then it is converted into digital, using analog to digital converter. A suitable analog input card is given to the rack. The card is connected to multiple analog inputs and the inputs are multiplexed. Cards usually have the inputs of size, 4,8 and 16. In simple terms, the analog input is given in varied voltages that will be converted into the digital signals, using analog to digital converter and will be passed to the PLC controller. when the output is produced from the controller, the output is in the form of digital and it will be converted into analog, using digital to analog converter. 9 Bit When 9-bit is considered, 1 analog input is divided into the word length of 9, with series of 9 bits in a digital form. 10 bit When 10-bit is considered, 1 analog input is divided into the word length of 10, with series of 10 bits in a digital form. 12-bit When 12-bit is considered, 1 analog input is divided into the word length of 12, with series of 12 bits in a digital form. The word length is varied according to the requirement. Create a table to describe and compare the typical protocols used in signal communication . The PLC communication is established by five protocols, called RS-232, IEEE 488, RS-422, USB and Ethernet. Each of the protocol has its advantages and disadvantages and so are used, based on the usage and application. S.NO. PROTOCOL MAXIMUM SPEED MAXIMUM SPEED DEVICES BEST IN 1 RS-232 Up to 50 m 700 Hz 1 2 RS-422 Up to 1000m 700 Hz 31 Maximum distance covered; more number of devices 3 IEEE-488 UP to 2m 1 MHz 14 Maximum speed 4 Ethernet 185 m 36000 Hz 29 5 USB 5m 80 Hz 8 Evaluate networking methods and networking standards. Your evaluation will need to include Master to slave control PLCs are usually connected with many intelligent devices, like computers. The capabilities of the PLC are maximized, when the PLC and controller are combined. PLC gets the data acquisition and control and computer for operator interface, documentation and data processing. The communication in a PLC or computer network is started by the hosting computer, which is connected in a daisy wheel chain pattern with PLCs. Each of the PLC is communicated for each specific information and the respective PLC passes the information for storage in the computer and also further use. Usually, one PLC has centralized control and is treated as a master PLC, which provides the controlling instructions to the rest of the PLCs. The other PLCs that receive the signals from the master PLC are called slave PLCs. It is done with tremendous speed that hundreds of cycles are completed in a second. Host computers help PLCs for powerful programming, using documentation software. The programs are loaded in the PL C, after writing them on computer, using relay ladder logic. This way, PLC programs can be created, modified, debug and monitored. Peer to peer networks Peer-to-peer networks decentralize the control functions, along with coordinated control. Here, many PLCs are connected each other in a daisy-chain fashion with each memory table duplicated. When data is written in one PLC, it is duplicated in all other in the network and this data is used in respective operating systems. Each PLC is programmed to control its control site, reducing the complexity in programming and debugging. Communication will eventually be transparent with reduced programming effort. 7 layer ISO model International Standards Organization has devised a model called ISO/OSI model for using as a standard for Open System Interconnection or OSI, for facilitating the communication among multiple devise to reduce the interconnecting problems. Various digital equipment items are connected with a communication link among them, by defining in terms of protocol, electrical, physical and user standards. Figure: Layers in ISO IEEE 802 IEEE 802 is considered as a IEEE standards family that deals with LANs and MANs, restricting the networks to carry packets of variable sizes. Data transmission is done with the units of cells that are sized uniform and short. The protocols and services map to Data and Physical layers of the OSI model. It splits data link layer into logical link control and media access control layers, LLC and MAC layers. MAP Manufacturing Automation Protocol was a standard for computer networking for devices interconnection, manufactured by many different manufacturers. The protocol was developed for combating the incompatible communication standards proliferations used by automation products suppliers, like programmable controllers. MAP is revised many times and MAP 3.0 was released in 1987 with many improved technology. The network standard is used and promoted by many manufacturers, like Boeing, General Motors and many others, however, it was not adopted widely, because of contemporary Ethernet standard. The drawbacks of the protocol were, changing specifications of protocols, MAP interface links expenses and token-passing network speed penalty. Refrerences Bolton, W, 2009, Programmable Logic Controllers, Fifth Edition, Newnes, Elsevier Ltd.UK. Parr,E, 1999, Industrial Control Handbook, Industrial Press Inc. Laughton, M, Warne, D, 2003, (ed),Electrical Engineer's Reference book, 16th edition,Newnes, Chapter 16 Programmable Controller Harms, Toni M. Kinner, Russell H. P.E., 1989, Enhancing PLC Performance with Vision Systems. 18th Annual ESD/HMI International Programmable Controllers Conference Proceedings, Maher, Michael J.1989, Real-Time Control and Communications. 18th Annual ESD/SMI International Programmable Controllers Conference Proceedings, Erickson, Kelvin T., 1996, "Programmable logic controllers". Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Iqbal, S., 2008, "Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs): Workhorse of Industrial Automation". 68-69. IEEEP Journal: 2731. Petruzella,, Frank D., 2005, "Programmable logic controllers". Tata McGraw-Hill Education.

Various Spheres Society Especially Health â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Various Spheres Society Especially Health? Answer: Introducation Globalization is considered to be the root cause of all problems in the world including, the low wages, challenged democracy, and violation of various human rights. Recently, globalization is said to be the reason for more than 750, 000 premature deaths (Johnston 2017). In 2007, around 411,100 people died because of breathing in fine particles of air that had been polluted with particulate matter (PM2.5). Since economic activity has become an interconnection of human activities across the world, pressure is exerted on various spheres of society, especially health care. In Asia, air pollution has increasingly began to rival the air pollution levels that prevailed in Europe and America in the early 20th century. Air pollution is a major contributor to the global health burden due to reduced air quality. There are complains of poor air quality in Nepal, and especially in Kathmandu, but there is little attention on outdoor interventions to improve air quality compared to interventions directed at indoor air pollution. In Kathmandu, air pollution arises due to growing urbanization. How the Challenge Emerged As the world strives to gain economic prosperity, air pollution emerges as a health hazard due to various human activities aimed at ensuring economic development, transportation and motorization, urbanization, and energy consumption. Interconnection of human activity gas led to increased flow of capital, movement of people, and trading patterns that have led to what is regarded as the Great Acceleration. This acceleration has exerted lot of pressure on the environment resulting in the alteration of various components of the earths system, including the air, and the distortion of the Earths natural system to levels deemed unsafe for social and biological well-being (McMichael 2013). In view of the various activities, pollution in Nepal stems from vehicles and burning smoke from brush fires, brick kilns, and cooking stoves (McMichael 2013: p. 1336). The pollution from these sources has detrimental effects on the environment in addition to peoples health because after floating into the Himalayas to the north, the black carbon from the soot absorbs adequate quantities of solar energy that subsequently settles on glaciers and snow. How the issue of air quality is being addressed? The WHO developed air quality guidelines that act as an international reference for the adverse effects of air pollution on individuals health by providing risk estimates for exposure to the air pollutants. The guidelines were first published in 1987 and were referred to as the WHO Air Quality Guidelines for Europe, and they provide the recommended thresholds for air pollutants (Chen and Kan 2008). These guidelines help to inform countries about the effects of their efforts towards reducing air pollution on a global level. That is why based on the 2014 WHO guidelines, Nepal was ranked position 177 out of 178 as a call for assertive measures meant to improve its Environmental Performance Index. Action Required The kind of action required in Nepal is one that aims to reduce the emission of smoke from the various sources using cost-effective measures while keeping in mind that the citizens are struggling to meet their basic daily needs (Mar, Panday, and Rupakheti 2015). Interventions in Nepal There are already well laid out policies that are meant to ensure the air quality within the region is purified and acceptable. However, little has been done to implement these policies aimed at cleaning up the air in Nepal in reference to the recommended guidelines that indicate the stipulated thresholds for air pollution. The public is concerned about the air quality, and have taken up the matter into their own hands. These people engage in protests and there is a consistent flow of articles that urge the government to take the necessary action aimed at cleaning up the air. These protests and publications yielded positive outcomes because the police began to enforce the prevailing laws that aim to ensure that the air quality if upheld. One such law was to ensure that vehicles involved in public transportation and were more than 20 years old were to be removed from the road (Groves, 2017). In addition to the WHO guidelines on air quality, researchers in Nepal are trying to establish the levels of black carbon that are responsible for the glacier melt. This will help to determine the levels of smoke emitted in the environment that results in lethal effects of black carbon. Subsequently, policy makers and law enforcers will work collaboratively to formulate and reinforce just the recommended human activities. Boundaries to Cross Interventions to address air pollution have mainly crossed boundaries to affect families in view of indoor air pollution. Access to fuel-efficient stoves has been improved and families are forced to leave the traditional cooking stoves and use the contemporary improved stoves (Practical Action 2017). Shift of Values Individuals in Nepal will need to shift their values in an array of ways. First, the renewal of their automobiles because vehicles deemed worthless are presumed to emit most of the smoke arising from vehicles. Also, there has been a shift from using generators in the case of a power cut in the wake of disasters to the use of solar power and electric vehicles. Thereby, in the case of a power cut, solar street lights help to light up most cities within the country (Shrestha 2016). Role of Technology Technology has been utilized in Nepal in an array of ways to help improve its Environmental Performance Index. Technology has been involved in reducing air pollution through the evolution stoves from traditional ones to improved stoves that emit minimal smoke. This transition requires the use of a smoke hood that draws all the smoke (Environment ministry pledges to make Nepal indoor air pollution free by 2022 2017). Also, the use of solar power and electric vehicles use technology that aims at preventing the emission of smoke, which is the salient cause of air pollution in Nepal. Conclusion Globalization has brought about many changes in the natural setting of the earths system. In Nepal, the rising urbanization has led to increased economic activities that have brought about outdoor pollution. There is indoor pollution as well, which has been addressed using technology as a shift from using traditional stoves to modern stoves continues. There are efforts to enhance the already laid down policies through use of law enforcers, and this is meant to improve the countrys Environmental Performance Index. References Chen, B., and Kan, H. (2008) Air pollution and population health: a global challenge.Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 13 (2), 94101. Environment ministry pledges to make Nepal indoor air pollution free by 2022. (2017) TheHimalayan Times, March 20 [online]. available from https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/environment-ministry-pledges-make-nepal- indoor-air-pollution-free-2022/ [accessed 12 September 2017]. Groves, S. (2017) Nepals air pollution threatens humans and glaciers [online]. Retrieved fromhttps://www.pri.org/stories/2017-04-06/nepal-s-air-pollution-threatens-humans-and- glaciers [accessed 13 September 2017].. Johnston, I. (2017) Air pollution from globalization linked to premature deaths of more than 750,000 people a year. Independent, March 29 [online]. available from https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/air-pollution-globalisation-deaths-750000-people-per-year-breathing-health-smog-fossil-a7656576.html [accessed 13 September 2017]. Mar, K., Panday, A., Rupakheti, M. (2015) A clear view for Kathmandu: Improving air quality in the Kathmandu Valley. Potsdam: Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies. McMichael, A. J. (2013) Globalization, climate change, and human health. The New England Journal of Medicine 368, 1335-1343. Practical Action. (2017) Reducing indoor air pollution in Nepal [online] available from https://practicalaction.org/smoke-hoods-stoves-nepal [accessed 13 September 2017]. Shrestha, K. D. (2016) Clearing the air in Kathmandu. International Institute for Environment and Development [online]. available from https://www.iied.org/clearing-air- kathmandu [accessed 12 September 2017]..